Course Content
Introduction to Diabetes
In this lesson, we will introduce diabetes as a chronic condition and its prevalence in Singapore. We will also cover the types of diabetes in Singapore, including Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes.
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What is Diabetes?
00:00
What different types of Diabetes are there?
00:00
What are the risk factors for Diabetes?
00:00
Are Diabetes education and self-management important?
00:00
Understanding Blood Sugar
Learn about the basics of blood sugar, its importance in the body, and how it is regulated. We will also discuss the symptoms and causes of high and low blood sugar levels, as well as the complications that can arise from uncontrolled blood sugar levels.
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What is glucose?
00:00
What is the normal blood sugar level?
00:00
What are the causes and symptoms of high and low blood sugar?
00:00
How to monitor blood sugar level?
00:00
What are the complications of uncontrolled blood sugar levels?
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Type 1 Diabetes
In this lesson, we will explore the causes, symptoms, risk factors, prevention, management and treatment strategies for Type 1 diabetes. We will cover the importance of insulin therapy, blood sugar monitoring and lifestyle modifications in managing this type of diabetes.
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What is Type 1 Diabetes?
00:00
What are the symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes
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How is Type 1 Diabetes treated and managed?
00:00
Type 2 Diabetes
In this lesson, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, risk factors, prevention, management and treatment strategies for Type 2 diabetes. We will discuss how obesity, family history and lifestyle factors contribute to the development of this type of diabetes. We will also cover the various medications available for managing Type 2 diabetes, as well as the importance of blood sugar monitoring and lifestyle modifications.
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What is Type 2 Diabetes?
00:00
What are the symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes
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How is Type 2 Diabetes treated and managed?
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Diagnosing and Monitoring Diabetes
This lesson focuses on the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. This includes the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, common tests used for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes, self-monitoring of blood glucose, continuous glucose monitoring systems, and how to interpret blood sugar readings and make necessary adjustments.
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How is Diabetes diagnosed and monitored?
00:00
What are the SMBG and CGM systems?
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How to interpret blood sugar readings?
00:00
Medications and Insulin Therapy
In this lesson, we will cover the common medications used in diabetes management, including oral antidiabetic drugs and injectable therapies. We will also discuss insulin therapy, including the different types, administration methods, and dosage calculations. Additionally, we will talk about the importance of adhering to medication regimens and potential side effects. We also cover how to adjust medications based on blood sugar levels and lifestyle changes.
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What medications are used in management of Diabetes?
00:00
What is insulin therapy?
00:00
Meal Planning and Nutrition
In this lesson, we will explore the importance of a balanced diet for diabetes management and the various strategies for healthy eating. We will delve into carbohydrate counting and glycemic index, as well as special considerations for meal planning such as alcohol consumption and dining out.
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What is Carbohydrate Counting and Glycemic Index?
00:00
How to have a balanced diet for Diabetes management?
00:00
Living Well With Diabetes
This lesson highlights key strategies for a fulfilling life with diabetes. It emphasizes emotional well-being, building support networks, practicing self-care, and setting realistic goals. By managing stress, connecting with diabetes communities, prioritizing self-care, and celebrating successes, individuals can achieve balance while effectively managing their condition.
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How to manage stress and emotional well-being?
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The Ins And Outs of Diabetes: An Overview
About Lesson

How is Diabetes diagnosed and monitored?

In Singapore, the diagnostic criteria for diabetes follow the guidelines set by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the World Health Organization (WHO).


The common tests used for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes in Singapore include:


A1C test. This test measures the average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months. An A1C level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.


Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test. This test measures blood glucose levels after fasting for at least eight hours. A result of 126 mg/dL or higher indicates diabetes.


Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This test involves drinking a glucose solution and measuring blood glucose levels at different intervals. A result of 200 mg/dL or higher indicates diabetes.


Random plasma glucose test. This test measures blood glucose levels at any time of the day. A result of 200 mg/dL or higher, along with symptoms of diabetes, indicates diabetes.


Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). This involves using a glucometer to measure blood glucose levels at home. It is commonly used by people with diabetes to monitor their blood glucose levels throughout the day.


Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems. This involves wearing a small device that measures blood glucose levels throughout the day and sends the data to a receiver. It is commonly used by people with diabetes who require intensive monitoring and insulin therapy.


How to interpret blood sugar readings?

Interpreting blood sugar readings is essential for proper diabetes management. In Singapore, the target blood glucose levels for people with diabetes are:


  • Fasting blood glucose: 4.4-7.0 mmol/L
  • Pre-meal blood glucose: 4.4-7.0 mmol/L
  • Post-meal blood glucose: <10.0 mmol/L


For those who have been diagnosed with diabetes, do work closely with your healthcare team to monitor your blood glucose levels and make necessary adjustments to your treatment plan.

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