What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose). It occurs when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, or when the pancreas is not able to produce enough insulin to meet the body’s needs. This leads to high levels of glucose in the bloodstream, which can cause damage to organs, nerves, and blood vessels over time.
It is a progressive condition that can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, nerve damage, and kidney disease if left untreated or poorly managed.
What causes Type 2 diabetes?
The causes of Type 2 Diabetes are a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The exact cause is not fully understood, but several risk factors have been identified:
Being Overweight Or Obese. Excess body fat can cause insulin resistance, making it difficult for the body to use insulin properly to regulate blood sugar levels.
Sedentary Lifestyle. Lack of physical activity can contribute to insulin resistance and increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
Unhealthy Diet. A diet high in sugar, refined carbohydrates, and saturated and trans fats can contribute to the development of Type 2 diabetes.
Genetics. Having a family history of Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of developing the condition.
Age. The risk of developing Type 2 diabetes increases with age, particularly after age 45.
Race/Ethnicity. Studies have shown that individuals of Malay and Indian ethnicity are more likely to develop Type 2 Diabetes compared to those of Chinese ethnicity. This is believed to be due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
Gestational Diabetes. Women who develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life.
It’s important to note that not everyone who has these risk factors will develop Type 2 diabetes, and there may be other factors that contribute to the development of the condition.
By making healthy lifestyle choices and getting regular check-ups, it is possible to reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes or to manage the condition effectively if diagnosed.