Hyperglycemia – High Blood Sugar
High blood sugar, also known as hyperglycemia, can occur due to various reasons such as insufficient insulin production, insulin resistance, or overconsumption of carbohydrates. When the body has high levels of glucose in the blood, the pancreas produces insulin to regulate the levels by helping the cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream. However, if the insulin is insufficient or the cells become resistant to insulin, the glucose remains in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels.
The symptoms of high blood sugar may include:
- Increased thirst and urination
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds
- Numbness or tingling in hands and feet
- Dry mouth and skin
- Headaches
Hypoglycemia – Low Blood Sugar
Low blood sugar, also known as hypoglycemia, occurs when the blood sugar levels drop below normal. This can happen if a person takes too much insulin or other diabetes medications, skips a meal, or exercises excessively without adjusting their medications or food intake. When the blood sugar levels are low, the body lacks the necessary glucose to function properly, which can lead to various symptoms.
The symptoms of low blood sugar may include:
- Shakiness or tremors
- Sweating
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Confusion
- Weakness or fatigue
- Headaches
- Blurred vision
- Anxiety or irritability
- Rapid heartbeat
It is essential to monitor blood sugar levels regularly and take the necessary steps to manage them to avoid complications associated with uncontrolled blood sugar levels.
