What are the stages of Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is categorized into four stages, commonly known as the “stages of endometriosis.” These stages are based on the location, extent, and severity of the endometrial tissue implants, as well as the presence of adhesions (scar tissue) and ovarian involvement. The stages of endometriosis are as follows:

Stage I (Minimal). In Stage I, there are minimal or superficial implants of endometrial tissue. These implants are small and scattered, typically measuring less than 5mm in size. There may be mild adhesions or scar tissue, but they are limited.

Stage II (Mild). Stage II involves mild endometriosis, where there are more implants and deeper infiltration of the tissue. The implants may be larger than in Stage I, and there could be some cysts on the ovaries (endometriomas). Mild adhesions may also be present, causing organs to stick together to a certain extent.

Stage III (Moderate). In Stage III, moderate endometriosis is observed. The implants are more extensive, deeper, and infiltrating multiple areas within the pelvic region. Adhesions are more pronounced, resulting in organs being more firmly bound together. Endometriomas may be present on the ovaries, and there could be involvement of the fallopian tubes.

Stage IV (Severe). Stage IV represents severe endometriosis, characterized by deep and extensive implants that may involve various pelvic organs, such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, bladder, and intestines. Adhesions are often dense and widespread, causing significant organ distortion and impairment. Multiple endometriomas may be present.

The stage of endometriosis does not always correlate with the severity of symptoms. Some individuals with minimal endometriosis may experience severe pain and other symptoms, while others with severe endometriosis may have mild or no symptoms at all. The stages primarily provide a classification system to help healthcare providers assess the extent of the disease and plan appropriate treatment approaches.