What are the risk factors of Breast Cancer?

Several factors can increase a person’s risk of developing breast cancer, including:

Gender. Being female is the primary risk factor for breast cancer. Breast cancer predominantly affects women, although men can also develop it, though at a much lower rate.

Age. The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age. The majority of breast cancer cases in Singapore occur in women aged 50 and above.

Family history. Women with a family history of breast cancer, particularly in a first-degree relative such as a mother or sister, have a higher risk of developing the disease. Certain genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, are also associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.

Personal history. Women who have previously been diagnosed with breast cancer or certain benign breast conditions, such as atypical hyperplasia, have a higher risk of developing the disease again.

Hormonal factors. Hormonal factors such as early onset of menstruation, late onset of menopause, and the use of hormonal birth control or hormone replacement therapy can increase the risk of breast cancer.

Lifestyle factors. Certain lifestyle factors such as a high-fat diet, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, and obesity can also increase the risk of breast cancer.

Reproductive Factors. Certain reproductive factors can influence breast cancer risk. Women who have not had children or have had their first child after the age of 30 may have a slightly higher risk. Additionally, not breastfeeding or breastfeeding for a shorter duration may contribute to an increased risk.

While some of these risk factors cannot be changed, there are steps women can take to manage their risk of developing breast cancer. These may include maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular breast cancer screenings, and in some cases, medications or preventive surgery. It is important for women to discuss their individual risk factors and risk management options with their healthcare provider.